High pressure culture is an important source of workplace stress. In the global environment, the high-pressure culture of enterprises is one of the crucial factors leading to turnover.However, are high-pressure cultures all negative effects?This article interprets employees' response logic from the perspective of social exchange theory rather than simply stress, and proposes a "double-edged sword" model: on the one hand, high-pressure culture causes employees to experience the burnout, the results is to bring the rate of turnover; on the other hand, under the moderating effect of emotional labor, high-pressure culture increases employees' work engagement, leading to an increase in organizational commitment.The researchers tracked 265 employees in batches, collected data through questionnaires, then tested the hypotheses in the article and drew conclusions.The study explores the double-edged sword effect of high-pressure culture and the boundaries of its application, applies social exchange theory to the exploration of cultural factors.