Purpose What is the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contamination in reproductive specimens from patients infected during controlled ovarian stimulation?Methods This prospective, observational, single-center study enrolled 354 cycles between December 2022 and May 2023, in which at least one partner was infected with SARS-CoV-2. Nested RT-PCR was performed to detect viral RNA in reproductive specimens. Embryo quality, pregnancy outcomes, perinatal outcomes, and 1-year infant growth were compared between groups stratified according to viral detection status in reproductive specimens.Results Among women with positive oropharyngeal swabs, 12.7% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in follicular fluid/cumulus cells, whereas no virus was detected in women with negative swabs. The positivity rate in spermatozoa/seminal plasma was 8.3% in men with positive swabs and 4.3% in those with negative swabs. Viral positivity was detected in immature oocytes (5.9%) and arrested embryos (3.1%) from couples positive in follicular fluid/cumulus cells. A positivity rate of 1.1% was observed in arrested embryos from couples with positive spermatozoa/seminal plasma. Viral presence in reproductive specimens had no significant adverse effects on oocyte maturation, normal fertilization, embryo quality, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, live birth, neonatal outcomes or 1-year infant growth.Conclusions Continuing IVF treatment for asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients during ovarian stimulation is relatively safe. However, the low but non-negligible risk of viral vertical transmission should be discussed with couples.