This work investigates the influence of vertical baffles on gas–solid hydrodynamics in fluidized beds incorporating finger-shaped and U-shaped heat exchange tubes. A dual-particle-phase model (DDPM), integrating Eulerian and discrete solid phases, was applied to simulate four fluidized bed configurations under a superficial gas velocity of 0.24 m/s. Key parameters - such as gas flow structure, vortex characteristics, bubble dynamics, gas holdup, flow uniformity, and particle transport - were analyzed to evaluate fluidization quality. The results demonstrate that vertical baffles significantly disrupt horizontal gas flows, enhance vortex generation, and improve gas-solid mixing. In finger-shaped tube configurations, baffles notably increased bubble surface area by 8.22%, bed expansion height by 3.2%, and reduced axial and radial non-uniformity indices by 18.0% and 4.8%, respectively. In U-shaped tube configurations, baffles primarily improved radial gas–solid uniformity and enhanced overall particle circulation. Comparative findings suggest that the synergistic combination of vertical baffles and finger-shaped heat exchange tubes offers superior fluidization performance and mass/heat transfer potential.