Background: Smoking rates are comparatively high in Arab populations. This study sought to gather the perspectives of health care providers (HCPs) and people of Arab origin who smoke to better understand the social, cultural, and environmental factors that influence smoking behavior in these populations. Methods: We interviewed 17 people; 6 HCPs who work with Arab patients and 11 individuals of Arab origin who smoke. Interviews were semi-structured and guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework. They covered topics related to social influences on smoking behaviors, motivators and barriers to quitting, perceived roles, environmental constraints, and how culture may influence decisions to quit. We coded and analyzed transcripts using thematic analysis. Results: Health concerns and family influence were seen as motivators for quit attempts by HCPs and people who smoked. Both groups reported that culture and social norms can support smoking cessation efforts. Structural barriers such as differential insurance coverage and lack of time were most commonly cited among HCPs. Knowledge of effective ways to quit smoking was low among people who smoked. Both HCPs and people who smoked perceived vaping to be as harmful as smoking. Conclusion: Interviews with HCPs and Arab people who smoked highlighted key challenges and opportunities to improve the effectiveness of existing smoking cessation efforts. Theoretical domains that featured prominently included motivations, social influences, and environmental contexts. Correcting misperceptions about appropriate tools to aid cessation is needed. The cultural context of smoking behavior should be considered in any efforts to improve smoking cessation support in this population.