Evaluating maize cultivars that were bred under nutrient-limited biodynamic-organic conditions. I. Microscopic observations
Abstract
Rhizophagy provides wild plant species with nutrients through bacterial assimilation. We evaluated inbreds which had been developed under nutrient-limited, biodynamic-organic farming conditions by the Mandaamin Institute in different genetic backgrounds. Relative to related conventional inbreds the MI inbreds exhibited enhanced colonization with seed-borne, endophytic bacteria. The bacteria extensively colonize roots and are exuded into the surrounding soil from the seedling. The bacteria also colonize root cap cells and hairs, vascular system, epidermis, trichomes, chloroplasts, silks, cobs, pollen, and grain. They produce nitrate, and are associated with root production, stress resistance, chlorophyll content, and vitality. Films and photographs are presented that document microbial colonization and shifts in plant tissues related to colonization. Colonization was apparent in a wide set of MI inbreds based on different genetic backgrounds. Though results showed phenomena that have been described in the literature as rhizophagy in other species, the degree of colonization found in the MI maize extended beyond rhizophagy into colonization of young growing tissues of both foliar and reproductive organs. We hypothesize that enhanced growth stimulation for the MI inbreds relative to conventional inbreds is associated with microbial colonization, enhanced nitrate supply, and N2 fixation.
Citation Information
@article{jamesfwhite2026,
title={Evaluating maize cultivars that were bred under nutrient-limited biodynamic-organic conditions. I. Microscopic observations},
author={James F. White and Walter A. Goldstein and Colin Treiber and Clara Zinky and Julian Mayfield},
journal={Research Square},
year={2026},
doi={https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9131646/v1}
}
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