Deep learning models for automated knee osteoarthritis (OA) grading achieve high in-distribution accuracy but frequently exploit spurious image-acquisition cues — a phenomenon termed shortcut learning...
Background Esophageal abnormalities cause severe health complications. Diagnosis is traditionally performed on endoscopic imaging, but the method is highly subjective and prone to inter-observer varia...
Judicial decision-making involves complex reasoning based on legal facts, statutory interpretation, and precedent analysis. Although transformer-based language models have improved the automated analy...
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