Research Article 2026-04-22 under-review v1

Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Dynamic Behavior of Mechanisms with Irregular Clearance Joint

Z
Zhe Liu Xi'an Jiaotong University
H
Heng Zhang Xi'an Jiaotong University
Y
Yu Sun Xi'an Jiaotong University
H
Hongying Zhang National University of Singapore
P
Pei Li University of Southern Denmark

Abstract

Clearance in revolute joints, caused by manufacturing tolerances, wear, and assembly deviations, can significantly alter the dynamic response of mechanisms by introducing intermittent contact and impact-induced nonlinear behavior. While most studies assume ideal circular joint profiles, practical components often exhibit geometric noncircular profiles, under which installation orientation becomes an additional influencing factor. Experimental investigations addressing the combined influence of profile deviation and assembly orientation remain limited. This paper presents an experimental and numerical study of a crank-slider mechanism with a revolute clearance joint, focusing on the effects of clearance magnitude, noncircular profiles, and installation orientation. An experimental platform is developed to allow controlled adjustment of joint geometry and assembly angle, and slider velocity and acceleration responses are measured under different operating conditions. A curvature-center-based contact model is used to provide numerical predictions and extract impact-related indicators for comparison. Results show that larger clearance and higher crank speed intensify impact-dominated responses. Introducing noncircular profiles produces nonuniform clearance distributions, altering both the magnitude and timing of impacts. Considering installation orientation under noncircular conditions leads to further pronounced variations, especially when both joint elements are elliptical, revealing strong coupling between geometric irregularity and assembly orientation. These findings highlight the importance of profile geometry and orientation in clearance joint dynamics and support more realistic modeling and design of mechanisms with clearance joints.

Citation Information

@article{zheliu2026,
  title={Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Dynamic Behavior of Mechanisms with Irregular Clearance Joint},
  author={Zhe Liu and Heng Zhang and Yu Sun and Hongying Zhang and Pei Li},
  journal={Nonlinear Dynamics},
  year={2026},
  doi={https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9351344/v1}
}
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