Objectives: To assess the feasibility, and applicability of sustainable dentistry among practicing dentists and to identify barriers limiting the implementation of FDI-approved sustainable dental practices.Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among 3000 dental practitioners registered with the Indian Dental Association, with 479 valid responses received. A validated, close-ended self-administered questionnaire assessed awareness and practices related to FDI’s four domains of sustainable dentistry: Preventive Care, Operative Care, Integrated Care, and Ownership of Care. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted to explore barriers and recommend practical solutions.Results: Of the 479 respondents, 57% were female, and over 70% were younger than 40 years. While 70% reported familiarity with FDI’s sustainability model and expressed willingness to adapt, only 8.6% practiced sustainable dentistry as defined. Preventive care was emphasized by 95%, but gaps were identified in operative and integrated care practices, particularly in adopting digital impressions and reducing single-use plastics, mainly due to financial constraints and patient expectations. Older age and more years of practice were significantly associated with better sustainability compliance (p < 0.05). FGDs highlighted the need for training, regulatory support, and cost-effective alternatives.Conclusions: Our study reveals that a huge majority of dentists do not practice sustainability. The main reasons for this are the lack of appropriate training and knowledge regarding sustainability, lack of resources and the lack of support by regulatory agencies in spreading awareness, providing subsidies, strengthening rules and regulations regarding sustainability. A multipronged strategy involving training, financial incentives, and stronger regulatory support is required to align our dental practices with FDI’s sustainability framework.