Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy with poor prognosis, underscoring the urgent need for reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Cellular senescence plays a dual role in tumor progression, yet the landscape of cellular senescence-related genes (CSRGs) in LIHC remains incompletely characterized. In this study, we curated 167 CSRGs from the Gene Ontology database and performed integrative analysis using transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and International Cancer Genome Consortium cohorts, combined with single-cell RNA-sequencing data from the Tumor Immune Single-Cell Hub database. Fifteen prognostic CSRGs were identified and used to stratify LIHC patients into two distinct molecular subtypes with divergent clinical outcomes. Cluster 2 exhibited an immune-excluded phenotype characterized by high immune infiltration but impaired effector function, correlating with poor prognosis, whereas Cluster 1 represented an immune-desert phenotype. A CSRGs-based risk score was constructed and validated as an independent prognostic factor across cohorts. Single-cell analysis identified EEF1E1 as a key CSRG specifically enriched in malignant hepatocytes, with high EEF1E1 expression correlating with advanced clinicopathological features and immune cell infiltration. Functional experiments demonstrated that EEF1E1 knockdown significantly suppressed LIHC cell migration and invasion. Collectively, this study provides a comprehensive characterization of CSRGs in LIHC and establishes a robust prognostic signature with potential clinical utility, identifying EEF1E1 as a functionally relevant oncogenic driver and a promising therapeutic target in LIHC.